Current season or competition: 2012 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament |
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Sport | Basketball |
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Founded | 1982 |
No. of teams | 64 |
Country(ies) | NCAA Division I (USA) |
Most recent champion(s) | Texas A&M |
TV partner(s) | ESPN (Championship game) |
Official website | NCAA.com |
The NCAA Women's Division I Championship is an annual college basketball tournament for women. Held each April, the Women's Championship was inaugurated in the 1981–82 season. The NCAA tournament was preceded by the AIAW Women's Basketball Tournament, which was held annually from 1972 to 1982.
Attendance and interest have grown over the years, especially since 2003, when the final championship game was moved to the Tuesday following the Monday men's championship game. The women's championship game is now the final overall game of the college basketball season.
The tournament bracket is made up of champions from each Division I conference, which receive automatic bids. The remaining slots are at-large bids, with teams chosen by an NCAA selection committee. The selection process and tournament seedings are based on several factors, including team rankings, win-loss records and Ratings Percentage Index (RPI) data.
Unlike the men's tournament, there are only 33 at-large bids, and no play-in game. The women's tournament, like the men's, is staged in a single elimination format, and is part of the media and public frenzy known colloquially as March Madness or The Big Dance.
All 63 games have been broadcast on television since 2003 on ESPN and ESPN2. Similar to the pre-2011 men's tournament coverage on CBS, local teams are shown on each channel when available, with "whip-around" coverage designed to showcase the most competitive contests in the rest of the country.
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A total of 64 teams qualify for the tournament played in March and April. 30 of the 64 teams earn automatic bids by winning their respective conference tournaments. Since the Ivy League does not conduct a post-season tournament, the regular-season conference champion receives an automatic bid. The remaining teams are granted "at-large" bids, which are extended by the NCAA Selection Committee. Dr. Marilyn McNeil, vice president/director of athletics at Monmouth University is the current chairwoman. On March 1, 2011, Bowling Green State University's director of intercollegiate athletics, Greg Christopher, was appointed chair of the NCAA Division I Women’s Basketball Committee during the 2011–12 academic year.
The tournament is split into four regional tournaments, and each regional has teams seeded from 1 to 16, with the committee ostensibly making every region as comparable to the others as possible. The top-seeded team in each region plays the #16 team, the #2 team plays the #15, etc.
The first NCAA women's basketball tournament was held in 1982. The AIAW also held a basketball tournament in 1982, but most of the top teams, including defending AIAW champion Louisiana Tech, decided to participate in the NCAA tournament.
The championship consisted of 32 teams from 1982–1985, 40 teams from 1986–1988, and 48 teams from 1989–1993. Since 1994 64 teams compete in each tournament.
Prior to 1996, seeding was conducted on a regional basis. The top teams (eight in the 32-, 40-, and 48-team formats, and 16 in the 64-team format) were ranked and seeded on a national basis. The remaining teams were then seeded based on their geographic region. Teams were moved outside of its geographic region only if it was necessary to balance the bracket, or if the proximity of an opponent outside of its region would be comparable and a more competitive game would result. In 1993, the all teams except for the top four were explicitly unseeded. The regional seeding resumed in 1994. In 1996, seeds were assigned on a national basis using an "S-Curve" format similar to the process used in selecting the field for the men's tournament.
A special selection committee appointed by the NCAA determines which 64 teams will enter the tournament, and where they will be seeded and placed in the bracket. Because of the automatic bids, only 33 teams (the at-large bids) rely on the selection committee to secure them a spot in the tournament.
Since the women's tournament began in 1982, 13 teams have entered the tournament ranked #1 in at least 1 poll and gone on to win the tournament:
Since 1982, only once have all #1 seeds made it to the Final Four:
The championship game has matched two #1 seeds nine times:
At least one #1 seed has made the Final Four every year.
Three teams have beaten three #1 seeds during the course of a tournament (the largest number of such teams that can be faced):
Prior to the expansion of the tournament to 64 teams, all #1 seeds advanced to the Sweet Sixteen with three exceptions. Notably, the first two times this occurred were at the hands of the same school:
Lowest seeds to reach each round since the expansion to 64 teams:
Since the expansion to 64 teams only one #16 seed has defeated a #1 seed (while the men's tournament has none):
Unlike in the men's tournament, no #14 or #15 seeds have made it to the Second Round of the women's tournament.
Since the expansion to 64 teams in 1994, each seed-pairing has played a total of 72 first round games.
Since the expansion to 64 teams in 1994, the following results have occurred for each pairing:
vs. #8 | vs. #9 | |
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#1 | 32–1 (.970) | 32–2 (.941) |
#16 | – | 0–1 (.000) |
vs. #7 | vs. #10 | |
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#2 | 36–9 (.800) | 21–2 (.913) |
#15 | – | – |
vs. #6 | vs. #11 | |
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#3 | 34–14 (.708) | 14–6 (.700) |
#14 | – | – |
vs. #5 | vs. #12 | |
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#4 | 30–17 (.638) | 15–1 (.938) |
#13 | 3–2 (.600) | – |
Only one team has ever played the Final Four on its home court. One other team has played in its home city, and seven others have played the Final Four in their home states.
The only team to play on its home court was Texas in 1987, which lost its semifinal game at the Frank Erwin Special Events Center.
Old Dominion enjoyed nearly as large an advantage in 1983 when the Final Four was played at the Norfolk Scope in its home city of Norfolk, Virginia, but also lost its semifinal. The Scope has never been the Lady Monarchs' regular home court. ODU has always used on-campus arenas, first the ODU Fieldhouse and since 2002 the Ted Constant Convocation Center.
Of the other teams to play in their home states, USC (1984) won the national title; Notre Dame (2011) lost in the championship game; and Western Kentucky (1986), Penn State (2000), Missouri State (2001), LSU (2004), and Baylor (2010) lost in the semifinals.
4 championship games have featured two teams from the same conference:
School | NCAA Finals Appearance | *Championships | Runner Up |
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Tennessee | 1984, *1987, *1989, *1991, 1995, *1996, *1997, *1998, 2000, 2003, 2004, *2007, *2008 | 8 | 5 |
Connecticut | *1995, *2000, *2002, *2003, *2004, *2009, *2010 | 7 | 0 |
Louisiana Tech | *1982, 1983, 1987, *1988, 1994, 1998 | 2 | 4 |
Stanford | *1990, *1992, 2008, 2010 | 2 | 2 |
USC | *1983, *1984, 1986 | 2 | 1 |
Auburn | 1988, 1989, 1990 | 0 | 3 |
Notre Dame | *2001, 2011 | 1 | 1 |
Purdue | *1999, 2001 | 1 | 1 |
Old Dominion | *1985, 1997 | 1 | 1 |
Duke | 1999, 2006 | 0 | 2 |
Georgia | 1985, 1996 | 0 | 2 |
Texas A&M | *2011 | 1 | 0 |
Maryland | *2006 | 1 | 0 |
Baylor | *2005 | 1 | 0 |
North Carolina | *1994 | 1 | 0 |
Texas Tech | *1993 | 1 | 0 |
Texas | *1986 | 1 | 0 |
Louisville | 2009 | 0 | 1 |
Rutgers | 2007 | 0 | 1 |
Michigan State | 2005 | 0 | 1 |
Oklahoma | 2002 | 0 | 1 |
Ohio State | 1993 | 0 | 1 |
Western Kentucky | 1992 | 0 | 1 |
Virginia | 1991 | 0 | 1 |
Cheyney State | 1982 | 0 | 1 |
School | Final Four Years | Number of Appearances | Championships |
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Tennessee | 1982, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 | 18 | 8 |
Connecticut | 1991, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 | 12 | 7 |
Louisiana Tech | 1982, 1983, 1984, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1994, 1998, 1999 | 10 | 2 |
Stanford | 1990, 1991, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 | 10 | 2 |
Georgia | 1983, 1985, 1995, 1996, 1999 | 5 | 0 |
LSU | 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 | 5 | 0 |
Duke | 1999, 2002, 2003, 2006 | 4 | 0 |
Auburn | 1988, 1989, 1990 | 3 | 0 |
Maryland | 1982, 1989, 2006 | 3 | 1 |
North Carolina | 1994, 2006, 2007 | 3 | 1 |
Notre Dame | 1997, 2001, 2011 | 3 | 1 |
Oklahoma | 2002, 2009, 2010 | 3 | 0 |
Old Dominion | 1983, 1986, 1997 | 3 | 1 |
Purdue | 1994, 1999, 2001 | 3 | 1 |
Texas | 1986, 1987, 2003 | 3 | 1 |
USC | 1983, 1984, 1986 | 3 | 2 |
Virginia | 1990, 1991, 1992 | 3 | 0 |
Western Kentucky | 1985, 1986, 1992 | 3 | 0 |
Baylor | 2005, 2010 | 2 | 1 |
Cheyney St. | 1982, 1984 | 2 | 0 |
Long Beach St. | 1987, 1988 | 2 | 0 |
Missouri St. | 1992, 2001 | 2 | 0 |
Rutgers | 2000, 2007 | 2 | 0 |
Alabama | 1994 | 1 | 0 |
Arkansas | 1998 | 1 | 0 |
Iowa | 1993 | 1 | 0 |
Louisiana-Monroe | 1985 | 1 | 0 |
Louisville | 2009 | 1 | 0 |
Michigan St. | 2005 | 1 | 0 |
Minnesota | 2004 | 1 | 0 |
NC State | 1998 | 1 | 0 |
Ohio St. | 1993 | 1 | 0 |
Penn St. | 2000 | 1 | 0 |
Texas A&M | 2011 | 1 | 1 |
Texas Tech | 1993 | 1 | 1 |
Vanderbilt | 1993 | 1 | 0 |
Coach | School | Championships |
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Pat Summitt | Tennessee | 8 |
Geno Auriemma | Connecticut | 7 |
Tara VanDerveer | Stanford | 2 |
Linda Sharp | USC | 2 |
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